Research Update in
Neuroscience for Neurosurgeons

Robert Harbaugh

"Biostatistics and Clinical Trial Design"

1. Benson K, Hartz AJ. A comparison of observational and randomized controlled trials. N
   Engl J Med. 2000;342:1878–1886.
   
   
2. Britton A, McKee M, Black N, McPherson K, Sanderson C, Bain C. Choosing between
   randomised and non-randomised studies: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess
   1998;2(13). www.hta.nhsweb.nhs.uk.
   
   
3. Concato J, Shah N, Horwitz RI. Randomized, controlled trials, observational studies and
   the hierarchy of research designs. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1887–1892.
   Pocock SJ, Elbourne DR. Randomized trials or observational tribulations? N Engl J Med.
   2000;342:1907–1909.
   
   
4. Kunz R, Oxman AD. The unpredictability paradox: review of empirical comparisons of
   randomised and non-randomised clinical trials. BMJ. 1998;317:1185–1190.
   
   
5. Sackett DI, Rosenberg WMC, Gray JAM, Haynes RB, Richardson WS. Evidence based
   medicine: what it is and what it isn't. BMJ. 1996;312:71–72.
   
   Please note Dr. Harbaugh does not expect the RUNN Registrants to purchase this
   book. But, he has found the book to be a valuable resource and has listed as a
   resource.
   
   Designing Clinical Research: An Epidemiological Approach
   by Hulley, Cummings, Browner, Grady & Newman
   3rd Edition, 2006, 384pp
   Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
   
   ISBN-10: 0781782104
   ISBN-13: 9780781782104
   

Copyright © 2008 The Society of Neurological Surgeons